IV.
The Coats of Horses
Ancient Vietnameses, in excellent connoisseur, distinguished Fourteen categories according to the Coats of Horses :
02 - Ngựa Hởi (White Horse with Black Legs) ;
03 - Ngựa Kim (Grey-White Horse) ;
04 - Ngựa Ô (Black Horse) ;
05 - Ngựa Hồng (Chestnut Horse) ;
06 - Ngựa Tía (Cherry Bay Horse) ;
07 - Ngựa Ðạm (Bay Horse) ;
08 - Ngựa Khứu (Dark Bay Horse) ;
09 - Ngựa Chuy ( Blue-Grey glints White Horse) ;
10 - Ngựa Séo (Dapple-Grey Horse) ;
11 - Ngựa Bích (Blue-Grey Horse) ;
12 - Ngựa Qua (Dun Horse) ;
13 - Ngựa Phiếu (White-speckled Yellow Horse) ;
14 - Ngựa Thông (Night-Blue with Silvery Grey Highlights Horse).
Category I : Ngựa Hạc
Ngựa Hạc = Blazing White Horse ;
- Cf. War Horse « Bạch-Long-Câu » of King Thái-Đức Nguyễn-Nhạc of Tây-Sơn Dynasty (1778 - 1802) ;
Ngựa Hạc Ngân = Blazing White Horse with Silvered glints (Silvered White Coat) ;
Ngựa Hạc Phèn = Bright Grey White Horse (called " Alum Colour" or Cremello).
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Category III : Ngựa Hởi
Ngựa Hởi = White Horse with Black Legs ;
Ngựa Hởi Bông = Cotton White Horse with Black Legs ;
Ngựa Hởi Bạc = Silvered White Horse with Black Legs.
Ngựa Hởi Ðồng = Bronzed White Horse with Black Legs.
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Category II : Ngựa Kim
Ngựa Kim = Grey-White Horse ;
Ngựa Kim Lâu = Grey-White Horse with Black Mane and Black Legs ;
Ngựa Kim Than (Kim Lốm-Đốm) = Dapple-Grey-White Horse with Black Mane ;
Ngựa Kim Qui = Speckled Grey-White Horse with Black and White Stripes (Brindle Coat) ;
Ngựa Kim Lem = Flea-bitten Grey-White Horse with Black or dark Brown Flecks ;
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Category IV : Ngựa Ô
Ngựa Ô = Black Horse ;
Ngựa Ô Quạ = Ebony Black Horse, still called Raven Black Horse :
- Cf. War horse « Ô-Du », the "Travelling-Crow-Black Horse" of generalissimo Đặng Xuân Phong from Tây-Sơn Dynasty (1778 - 1802) ;
Ngựa Ô Cát = Whole Black Horse ;
Ngựa Ô Đan-Phúc)Bụng Đỏ = Black Horse with Red glints under the belly (Pangared Black Horse) ;
Ngựa Ô Chuy = Black Piebald Horse :
- Cf. War Horse « Ô Chuy »(烏 骓) of Hạng-Võ - Hsiang Yü 項 羽 (232 AC - 202 AC), King of Sở - Chu 楚.
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Category V : Ngựa Hồng
Ngựa Hồng = Chestnut Horse ;
Ngựa Hồng Lợt = Light Chestnut Horse ;
Ngựa Hồng Tiá = Bright Chestnut Horse ;
Ngựa Hồng Ðiều = Crimson Chestnut Horse ;
Ngựa Hồng Lão = Golden Chestnut Horse ;
Ngựa Hồng Ðính = Dark Chestnut Horse.
Ngựa Hồng Mốc = Mildewed Chestnut Horse Horse ( Rabicano Coat).
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Category VI : Ngựa Tía
Ngựa Tía = Cherry Bay Horse ;
Ngựa Tía Mật = Light-Chestnut Cherry Bay Horse (called Honey Bay) ;
Ngựa Tía Sơn = Brown-Chestnut Cherry Bay Horse ;
Ngựa Tía Khói = Smoked Cherry Bay Horse ;
Ngựa Tía Cháy = Burned Cherry Bay Horse or Seal Browwn Horse [(Genotype E-/At- (Agouti-)].
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Category VII : Ngựa Ðạm
Ngựa Ðạm = Golden-Bay Horse ;
Ngựa Ðạm Ðồng = Coppery-Glints Bay Horse ;
Ngựa Ðạm Bông = Flowered Golden Bay Horse ;
Ngựa Ðạm Tía-Cháy Bông = Flowered Golden Bay Burned Chestnut Horse ;
Ngựa Ðạm Mốc = Mildewed Burned Golden Bay Horse (Rabicano Coat) ;
Ngựa Ðạm Sáp = Grey-Bay Horse ;
Ngựa Ðạm Chỉ = Light Golden-Bay Horse, with a Black Stripe on the Back.
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Category VIII : Ngựa Khứu
Ngựa Khứu = Dark Bay Horse ;
Ngựa Khứu Miên (Khứu Vá) = White-speckled Dark Bay Horse (i.e. Piebald Bay).
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Category IX : Ngựa Chuy (The often most prized category of European and Chinese Monarchies) :
Ngựa Chuy = Piebald Horse ;
Ngựa Ô Chuy = Black Piebald Horse :
- Cf. War horse « Ô-Chuy », the Black Piebald Horse of Hạng-Võ - Hsiang Yü 項 羽 (232 BC - 202 BC), King of CHU (楚) kingdom ;
Ngựa Thanh-Chuy = Blue-Green Piebald Horse or Deep-Blue Piebald Horse ;
- Cf. War horse « Thanh-Chuy (Qingzhui - 青騅) - (Piebald Horse with Blue-Grey glints) » from TANG Dynasty (618-907).
Ngựa Hồng-Chuy = Chestnut Piebald Horse ;
- Cf. War horse of Càn-Long - Qian Long 乾 隆 (1735 - 1796), Emperor of QING Dynasty ;
Ngựa Khứu-Chuy = Dark Bay Piebald Horse.
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Category X : Ngựa Qua (the most celebrious category of "Akhal Téké") :
Ngựa Qua = Buckskin Horse :
Ngựa Qua Mõm Đen = Buckskin Horse with Black Mouth
Ngựa Qua Lốm Đốm = Buckskin Horse with Dapple Coat ;
Ngựa Qua Sắc Lông Hoàng-Kim = Buckskin Horse Horse with Golden Glints Coat :
- Cf. War horse « Quyền-Mao-Qua »( 鬈 髦 騧), one of Six Celebrious Horses of Emperor Đường Thái Tông - TANG Taizhong (559-649).
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Category XI : Ngựa Phiếu
Ngựa Phiếu = White-speckled Yellow Horse
- Cf. War horse « Đặc-Lặc-Phiếu (Te Le Biao - 特 勒 骠 - Yellow Horse with an Exceptional Bridle) or « Đặc Cần Phiếu (Te Qin Biao -
特 勤 骠 - Yellow White-speckled Horse with an Exceptional Haste) » of Emperor Đường Thái Tông (唐 太 宗) - TANG Taizhong (559-649) from TANG Dynasty (618-907) ;
Ngựa Hoàng-Phiếu = White-speckled Golden Horse :
- Cf. War horse « Hoàng-Phiêu »(黄 膘) - (Well-Built Horse) of famous Generallissimo Tần Thúc Bảo Tần from TANG Dynasty (618-907).
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Category XII : Ngựa Séo
Ngựa Séo = Dapple-Grey Horse ;
Ngựa Séo Ðiều = Dapple Iron-Grey Horse.
Ngựa Séo Bạc = Silver Dapple-Grey Horse.
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Category XIII : Ngựa Bích
Ngựa Bích = Blue-Grey Horse ;
Ngựa Bích Xanh = Pearl-Grey Horse.
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Category XIV : Ngựa Thông (truthly rare et precious category in bygone days, and very appreciated by Việt Monarches :
Ngựa Thông = Night-Blue with Silvery Grey Highlights Horse :
- Cf. Steed « Nhàn-Lương-Thông», of the Story "Ngũ Thông Thần " in « Liêu Trai Chí Dị - 聊 齋 志 異» from Bồ Tùng Linh - 蒲 松 齡 - Pu Sung Ling (1640-1715).
- Cf. War Horse « Phúc-Thông» and « Cát-Thông» of Việt-Nam Emperor Minh-Mạng 明 命 (1791-1841) ;
Ngựa Nê-Thông = Night-Blue with Metal Mud-Grey Highlights Horse, extremly rare and precious :
- Cf. War Horse « Nê-Thông »(泥 驄) of Đại-Việt Emperor Trần-Duệ-Tông (1337-1377).
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Notes : The sino-vietnamese term « Khải - 啓 » = « Horse with stocking (ie. white sign) on right forelimb » have given rise to the verb « Khải » = « To Kneel down ».
For example : « Khải-tấu - 啓 奏 » = « To Present a Report to the King by Kneeling down ».
Bình-Định SA-LONG-CƯƠNG TRỊNH Quang Thắng |
I – The Military Statute
II – The Military Horses Riding
III – The War Horses
IV – The Coats of Horses
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